Julius Caesar - Theme of Friendship - 951 Words

Friendship is a wonderful part of life, but it can unfortunately be used to deceive, for it is easy to manipulate with it, but only true friendship cannot be defeated, even after death. This element could well likely be the very thing that had sealed the fate of Julius Caesar, and Brutus, Cassius, and all the other conspirators knew that they could use this to their advantage, and to Caesars disadvantage. Friendship, was what the conspirators used as a cover to blind Caesar from the truth, just as a hunter uses camouflage to keep the animals from seeing what he is up to. The conspirators also used camouflage, but they used flattery along with manipulation as a way to soothe any feelings of doubt that Caesar may have had about their†¦show more content†¦Antony uses these deceiving words in order to manipulate Brutus, and he also said this so he could persuade Brutus and put all of Brutuss worries about where Antony stood with them, at ease. Antony uses his great ability to ma nipulate through speech, to convince Brutus to let him give the eulogy at Caesars funeral, and Brutus thinking that Antony is now their friend, agrees with barely any hesitation. Then when Antony does get to the pulpit in order to give Caesars eulogy, he turns on the conspirators and uses his wise words in order to churn the people into a murderous frenzy. br brThe theme of friendship was unfolding throughout the entire play, and it almost changed to a theme of conspiracy, because that is what the characters of the play used their friendships for. There were many persuasive and manipulative moments, in which friends were almost stabbing each other in the back, and in some cases actually did stab each other in the back. Caesars biggest weakness was the fact that he loved flattery and his conspirators knew this and used it in order to gain his confidence and friendship. It seems that with this theme of friendship, Shakespeare was trying to show people that even though they might be friends with someone, it doesnt mean that person has only good intentions. The mainShow MoreRelatedExamples Of Envy In Julius Caesar838 Words   |  4 Pagestheir true colors. Family and friendship are not the most important things to some people, power is and envy goes hand in hand with power. This theme is vivid in the play Julius Caesar written by legendary p laywright, William Shakespeare. Brutus and Cassius, Julius Caesars good friends are envious of the love Casaer is shown by the romans and they are willing to throw aside friendship and loyalty because of envy which propels them into the action of killing Caesar for power and praise. Envy is easyRead More Julius Caesar Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesJulius Caesar William Shakespeare has written many plays that touched millions of people throughout the centuries. His works are still the most controversial ones favored by many Literature critics because his plays generate spontaneous debates on issues such as friendship, revenge, human ambitions and moralities that lead to dynamic discussion among people. In the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, friendship vs. duty is one of the major themes that is developed. Ones struggle over the choiceRead MoreFriendships in Julius Caesar616 Words   |  2 PagesFriendship means how someone loves, cares, trust, respects and loyalty. The theme of friendship is shown throughout the play Julius Caesar. it is shown between characters in either a loyal or manipulative way. Friendships are what then led on to Julius Caesars fate. Brutus and other characters manipulated friendship to weaken Caesar. No one can truely be trusted; you never know who could stab you in the back one day. There was a close friendship between Mark Antony and Caesar, which is why AntonyRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Antony s Julius Caesar 1328 Words   |  6 PagesWeichert English 9 Honors 17 September 2015 Mark Antony In his play, Julius Caesar, Shakespeare uses Mark Antony to develop the theme that one can be driven by his lust for power to deceive those around him. Through his conflicting motivations and interactions, Antony shows his true colors as a man that will stop at nothing to have power, even living a lie to become close with those in high places. Mark Antony develops the theme that one can be driven by his lust for power to deceive those aroundRead MoreJulius Caesar the True Tragic Hero1526 Words   |  7 PagesAristotle once said â€Å"A man doesn’t become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall.† These words best describe what a â€Å"Tragic Hero† is and both Julius Caesar and Brutus displayed this characteristic, so the question is â€Å"Who is the real tragic hero in this story?† This paper shall explore the reasons behind why each man is considered a hero in his own right and who the rightful owner to the title of the play truly belongs to. There have been countless tragic heroes in the works ofRead MoreSympathizing with Brutus of William Shakespeares Julius Caesar1130 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Julius Caesar Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare is an interesting and complex play based on historical events that took place in Rome in 44 BC. The plot revolves around the assassination of Julius Caesar by his closest friend- Marcus Brutus, and Marc Antonys attempt to avenge his death. The play portrays many important themes that are still relevant in todays society like the struggle for political power; love and friendship; the fallibilityRead MoreThe Theme of Julius Caesar Essay2961 Words   |  12 PagesThe Theme of Julius Caesar How suitably is the theme of the supernatural depicted in the play ‘Julius Caesar’? William Shakespeare was one of the most influential playwrights, is known today for his plays such as Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, A Midsummer Nights Dream and many other interesting and different plays. We in the 21st century enjoy Shakespeare’s plays for a variety of reasons. His plays have different themes like love, ambition, pride, friendship, supernaturalRead More Motivation and Manipulation in Julius Caesar Essay1845 Words   |  8 Pages In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare illuminates the themes of human motivation and manipulation. He examines the relationship between actions and motivations, cause and effect, and word and deed, using the symbols of hands and hearts. Throughout the play, the characters Brutus and Marc Antony express their different understandings of this relationship rhetorically. In his 1953 film interpretation, Joseph L. Mankiewicz demonstrates these characters’ understanding through both the play’s original dialogueRead Moresummary of lion and jewel3215 Words   |  13 Pagesoffer and chooses Baruka, the lion.   THEMES Power and authority Women in society Masculinity Colonialism Culture vs. progress Change Old versus young    Julius Caesar SUMMARY This play is one that contains political intrigue and drama. It opens with a group of commoners celebrating Julius Caesars triumphant return to Rome. This is met with scorn by some Tribunes, who tell them to leave the area. This is the premise to scenes that reveal an ambitious Caesar who is beloved by Roman citizens, but isRead More Latin Literature In History Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesaudience by way of speeches, supplemented the man’s rise to political power. But as rhetoric began to diminish from Roman daily life following Rome’s imperialization, identical persuasive technique began to show itself in Roman literature. But Greek themes were just a backbone in Roman literature, and as time, progressed, Rome established a unique literary style, which, alongside Greek Literature, had a profound influence on the future History of Europe. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; One important

The Accuracy of Eyewitness Testimony Essay example

Eyewitness testimony is defined as, â€Å"an area of research that investigates the accuracy of memory following an accident, crime, or other significant event, and the types of errors that are commonly made in such situations.† Much emphasis is placed on the accuracy of eyewitness testimony as often-inaccurate eyewitness testimony can have serious consequences leading to wrong convictions. Eyewitness testimony is a powerful tool within any field, particularly that of justice, as it is a readily accepted form of evidence that allows for convictions. However, Tests conducted by Loftus have shown an enormous swing from a non-guilty verdict, to guilty within the same case, simply through the introduction†¦show more content†¦Huff recently estimated that about 7,500 people arrested for serious crime in the United States were wrongly convicted in 1999. He further noted that the rate is thought to be much lower in Great Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and others, e specially those that have established procedures for reviewing cases involving the potential of wrongful conviction. Ronald Cotton was convicted in 1986 of raping a 22 year old college student, on the basis of her testimony, Cotton was sentenced to prison for life. DNA testing, 11 years later proved Cotton as innocent. Another man, Bobby Poole, pleaded guilty to the crime. (Ref: Egeth, H. E. What do we not know about eyewitness identification?) This case shows, as I mentioned earlier, how much jurors rely on eyewitness testimony, yet it perhaps is the most unreliable source of evidence in the first place. A key reason for memory distortion is that witnesses pick up information from other sources, a combination of memory from different experiences. Much research shows that memory more closely resembles a synthesis of experiences. Bartlett (1932) carried out research on reconstructive memory. He claimed that in order to make sense of an event we go through a process called â€Å" effort after meaning.† Instead of storing an exact replica of the event, we combine it withShow MoreRelatedAccuracy of Eyewitness Testimony1815 Words   |  7 Pages(The Justice Project).† Eyewitness testimony is highly relied on by judges, but it can not always be trusted. Approximately 48% of wrong convictions are because of mistaken identity by eyewitnesses (The Psychology of Eyewitness Testimony). After we discovered this information, we became curious as to whether in a testimony, the eyewitness’ memory is more reliable after a short period of time or after a longer period of time? According to previous experiments, eyewitness testimony is unreliable. LikelyRead MoreAccuracy Of Eyewitness Testimony1231 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Eyewitness testimony has been used as an important tool in the criminal justice system. When there is lack of other kinds of evidence, police often rely on eyewitness to find potential suspects. In court, eyewitness testimony is a kind of important evidence associates with DNA or other types of evidence. However, many psychologists think that it should not be used in the criminal justice system as most of the wrongful convictions were caused by inaccurate eyewitness testimony. AlthoughRead MoreAccuracy of an Eyewitness Testimony Essay2096 Words   |  9 PagesThe Accuracy of an Eyewitness Testimony Student: Amy Mason Number: 2842657 Tutor: Serena Nicholls Tutorial Time: Thursday 10am - 10:50am Due date: Friday 21st September 21, 2012 Word count: 1858 Psychological research shows that eyewitness testimony is not always accurate, therefore it should not be used in the criminal justice system. Discuss. The reliability if an eyewitness testimony is questionable. The witness may be so certain that the person that thy are pointing out is one hundredRead MoreTesting The Accuracy Of Eyewitness Testimony3401 Words   |  14 PagesThe concepts that are covered in the experiment: â€Å"Testing the Accuracy of Eyewitness Testimony† are how the memory part of your brain works. Also, the colors that help memorization is also included in this experiment.Another thing that is covered in this experiment is whether or not someone is able to regurgitate information back after 20 minutes. Another thing that is covered in this experiment is the types of memory disorders. Tips on how to keep a healthy memory are also included. Also, the stepsRead MoreThe Effects Of Language On The Accuracy Of Eyewitness Testimony1436 Words   |  6 PagesOverview The study was conducted to show how altering certain words can influence to the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. The study consisted of two experiments. The first was done on 45 participants who were split into groups of varying sizes and they were shown seven films. In the first study, the independent variable was the verb used in the critical question. These were either, hit , bumped , smashed , contacted and collided . And the dependent variable was the speed estimationRead MoreEyewitness Testimony Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pages The Accuracy of Eyewitness Testimony is a major topic in our society. Eyewitness Testimony is often used during crime scene investigations. Although a Testimony by a bystander or a victim regarding an incident is a great tool for further investigation, testimonies are often times false and can lead to false accusations. The research question, how accurate is eyewitness testimony, will be studied. The purpose for this project is to determine t he accuracy of eyewitness testimony. The hypothesisRead MoreEyewitness Testimony And Its Impact On The Outcome Of A Trial892 Words   |  4 PagesHow Accurate Are Eyewitness Testimonies? Have you ever been a witness to a crime? Would you feel comfortable if prosecutors relied on your eye witness testimony alone for a conviction? According to â€Å"The Magic of the Mind†, eyewitness testimony which relies on the accuracy of human memory, has an enormous impact on the outcome of a trial. Eyewitness testimony is a legal term. During an eyewitness testimony, the witness usually goes into an account of the crime he or she has witnessed. This can includeRead MoreReliability of the Human Memory1339 Words   |  5 PagesReliability of the human memory in eyewitness memory In this essay it will be argued how the human memory for recalling details of past events is not reliably accurate and that it will be interpreted through the reliability of memory in eyewitness memory and testimony. The human memory is a complex finding in the cognitive research of psychology, which can be explained by many different contributing factors but eyewitness is dependent upon the accuracy of long-term memory. However, research evidenceRead MoreEyewitness Testimony And The American Psychological Association1580 Words   |  7 Pagesmodern law and judicial practices, eyewitness testimony has been a crucial part in reaching verdicts in court. The opinions and observations of bystanders or active participants in a crime scene are often considered to be very valuable in determining the guilt or innocence of accused individuals. However, there has been a large amount of scrutiny in the law world concerning both misappropriated and untrue testimonies administered in courts of law. Although the testimony of individuals can simply be misinterpretedRead MoreHow Does The Brain Malfunctions Affect The Justice System?1246 Words   |  5 Pageswrongfully convicted individuals by the eyewitness wh ich is a huge issue in the system (Weir, 2016). It is crucial to be knowledgeable of the factors that can impede memory. The person that actually committed the crime should be held responsible for their actions, not only for justice, but for the safety of others as well. There are many factors to consider when psychologists and scientists are trying to figure out reliability of eyewitness testimony. The ability to recall or recognize is

Movie Review Psycho - 818 Words

The American cult classic, Psycho, is a film that centers on the disturbing encounter between a secretary who is in hiding and a motel owner by the name of Norman Bates. The film has many psychological twists and turns playing on the mental stability of Bates and how he handles his mother, who is also mentally ill herself. It is the window that is shown throughout the movie that draws the viewer to figure out what is exactly on the other side. The window is what we see that begins the story of Norman Bates and his mental issues. The movie opens on the city of Phoenix with buildings dominating the camera view. The camera goes past the window and then returns to it making it the primary focus. It is such a random shot that then becomes†¦show more content†¦Voyeurism appears to be a recurring theme throughout the movie as there are many instances where a window is present or being used in a scene. Another important scene is when Marion pulls up to Bates Motel and sees a female silhouette, or what she thinks is a female, in the window of the grotesque mansion on the hill. Even though the mansion is considered scenery, it can also be considered a main â€Å"character†. It towers over the motel and its presence is constantly beckoning the motel guests. In just looking at the mansion, it has many windows that appear to be frequently ‘watching’. The window is an opening through which many things are seen and heard. The window is repetitive throughout the movie which only means that it is very substantial to the specific scene at hand. For instance, Norman’s reflection is shown in the window when he brings Marion something to eat revealing a side of his face that is never shown by the camera. It is the side of his face that is never really shown by the camera. It is then explained in so many words and wit that this is the side of his body that is taken over by Mother as he tells Marion that ‘she’ is not quite herself this evening. Everyone is familiar with the saying â€Å"The eyes are the window to the soul†. The windows that are shown throughout the movie are the eyes that are continuously watching everything and everyone. It is the window that reveals Norman as Mother pacing back and

Threats and Risks to Audit Independence- Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About the Threats and Risks to Audit Independence? Answer: Introduction Survey self-sufficiency can in like manner be influenced by various powers inside the audit firm or from the client firm. These variables are recognized as dangers to review autonomy and dependably come about into traded off review choices. From the different discussions in the situation concentrate one, from each of the given circumstance one can discover and see four dangers by the approach of risks and shields approach. As shown by this dangers and securities approach, the structures analyses four key portrayals of dangers which can intrude with the result of exchanged off results as takes after. The nearness of the beneath talked about dangers can prompt traded off review when the 2015 review is led by a similar review group for the situation concentrate one given within the instructions. Audit independence threats from the case study As indicated by different specialists, it is uncovered that for organizational audits to be of significant worth, audit freedom and flexibility must be guaranteed. Audit freedom or independence is seen by Independence Standards Board (ISB) as the versatility of an analyst or an auditor from those weights and unmistakable parts that trade off, or can sensibly be required for perfect audits (Baum, Caglayan and Rashid 2016). Auditors freedom limits them to settle on unbiased survey choices. As indicated by audit experts, audit adaptability is isolated from the point of view and approach of objectivity being reasonable, sensible more upright and shrewdly genuine (Baum, Caglayan and Rashid 2016). With the perception and protection of review autonomy, evaluators dependably settle on uncompromised choices and guarantee legitimacy in the money related records and reports. Self-interest dangers This sort of review risk happens in a circumstance where a commentator is in all probability going to be traded off by individual interests. For this condition, client firm is contemplating to take the experts from CJ investigating relationship to a 14 day event in Greek Isles managing each ones expenses and costs (Wright 2016). In such a condition the affiliation won't be sensible to the exploring relationship since the request of enrichments may impel shocking looking. In such conditions where the head of review get-together has been given token, they tend to lead diagrams alliance budgetary records with a basic measure of self significance covering wrecks. For this condition since the relationship of the review social affair is in all likelihood going to be traded off by the token unmistakably the possible results of the overview will in like way be managed as they will respond in light of self intrigue (Krishnamoorthy, Wright and Cohen 2012). Recognition and review put stock in dangers Review autonomy is dependably at hazard when different examiners inside a review group like CJ know about the customer firm as uncovered in the discussions. Recognition and inspectors trust to the customer firm is a danger to review freedom (Kayrak 2008). This kind of risk comes in when analysts are being over-impacted by the attributes of their clients' and also the association character in this way bowing up recognizably and absurdly, making it difficult to interest the client. Clearly, evaluators of a given firm in like way of check may develop senselessly trust in the collusion depictions in this way lacking review surveys amid a review practice including the put stock in customer. This is clear from fourth condition the examination with Annette who perceives that there will be no much review on the dedication records in setting of nature and trust. Having worked in the LTH books of records prior her flexibility of the audit can be managed in the procedure for trust and shared trademark or nature (Craswell, Stokes and Laughton 2002). Michael then again will is probably going to experience the ill effects of a similar risk. This is on the grounds that one of the top budgetary authorities in the customer organization is the father. In many events youngsters grow family trusts. Additionally, Michael knows about the organization in view of the account of the father working in the customer firm. The rate of inspecting from the side of Michael and Annette is probably going to be bargained as they won't fill in as free evaluators (Craswell, Stokes and Laughton 2002). Intimidation Intimidation is another variable which impacts review freedom and may prompt bargained judgments or review decisions. The review c is under weight head of CJ from the customer firm to give a discussion in light of a real worry for the affiliation. This activity comes about into an overview self-administration risk which is known as debilitating peril (DeZoort and Taylor 2015). As per the central examiner in the condition one, the CJ review firm official is constrained by the customer firm to give a discussion of which inability to do things being what they are will reach fulfillment into end of the comprehension among CJ and LTH. In such cases in light of the debilitating and disrespect, the review social affair is in all probability going to play out the non study affiliation which my arrangement the review freedom. Recalling the genuine goal to secure the attestation the review social event will think about with vitality inciting twists in the studies. The CJ Company is probably go ing to support the customer firm and cover different monetary missteps keeping in mind the end goal to secure their agreement (DeZoort and Taylor 2015). In such cases the examiners autonomy is considered ruptured and data depended by the review group is considered as not solid. Shields to the above recognized dangers The dangers to review autonomy by what means can be controlled through use of different measures known as shields to review freedom dangers. Securities to review opportunity are particular courses in which the above perceived review freedom dangers c can be checked or controlled. This segment of the paper perceives three courses in which the above saw dangers. With the utilization of the review freedom protects the likelihood of evaluators giving bargained reviews is constrained as these shields help secure examiners autonomy. These shields have been perceived as underneath: Thought of review morals and rules amid a review work out Researching practice is guided by different principles and overview morals. It is along these lines essential for CJ as a review firm to work inside the particular principles to be free from the powers which are apparently going to bargain their practices (Kachelmeier and Landuyt 2015). The affiliation ought to diminish the free trip which has been offered to the essential two master of CJ Company in context of the review rules. With the perspective of the overview models and opportunity the social occasion ought to be able to play out their responsibilities as required and cover any coercion that might be inside the money related records. The head of CJ is likewise arranged to rot the non review errand being constrained on him by the customer firm. Evasion of non-review benefit arrangement Examiner's commonality and trust likewise comes thus of a review firm performing non review administrations to the customer firm. This additionally comes about into terrorizing as another danger influencing review autonomy (Andon and O'Dwyer 2015). This comes in where an inspector may commit errors when performing non review administrations they are well on the way to cover their activities amid examining. As revealed by case the relationship of the CJ survey firm brains deterrent of the relationship from offering non diagram benefits, the demand by the essential body of the client alliance (LTH) which requires the audit firm scramble toward give a dialog in light of a decent 'out-dated stress for the association together will be invalid allowing the CJ to perform uncompromised consider without conditions (Sadgrove 2016). With a specific end goal to fledgling every one of these dangers identified with non-review administrations execution, the organization ought to maintain a strategi c distance from execution of non review administrations to the customer firm. Use of review returns or moves to cover nature and trust As showed up by conditions three and four, both Michael and Annette are presumably going to be exchanged off in setting of trust and shared trademark. Unmistakably the two have been normal to the client firm and are not sensible to play out a review on the budgetary records of a relative affiliation (Sadgrove 2016). Annette predicts that not will make huge graph on the dedication budgetary books of records in light of past audit where as Michael trusts the father who drives the cash related assembling. Consider turn is thusly the best certification to ensure survey versatility. For this circumstance both the two evaluators who are obviously going to exchanged off by the audit autonomy risks should be supplanted or taken to another firm. Section two Business Risks to be considered in the midst of review arranging Business risks are various factors which results into the company or an organization like the one in the study to receive fewer profit margins compare to the projections during a given trading period (Church et.al 2014). The content of the paper analyses two specific business risks as below. Transportation dangers The affiliation serves a more prominent market with more clients organized in remote parts of the market. as per such occurences, the affiliation needs to utilize more costs on transport with a specific genuine goal to achieve their clients (Elder, Beasley and Arens 2011). They in like way experience the abhorrent effects of transportation costs giving systems for upkeeps mechanics in supplant repair satisfactorily sold thing (Christopher, Sarens and Leung 2009). This is in this way a business threat to the relationship as it results into diminished net pay emerged from the estimated general pay. Upkeep The season of accreditation is client intrigue fulfillment working out as expected into union getting an amazing measure of support expenses. As needs be, the contraption occurs into operation hazards where Mining supplies LTD (MSL) necessities to pay for additional charges to the operations of the mechanics performing such structures for upkeeps (Elder, Beasley and Arens 2011). Being that the vast majority of the clients are remotely found, the partnership needs to cover for the long parcel transportation costs for the mechanics, pay for the charging of their relationship on an anticipated rate in setting of the time, cover for every one of the parts supplanted and in like way the solace and common costs of the master. Inherent risks For this situation, the particular review danger might be assessed in light of the business dangers experienced by Mining supplies LTD (MSL) as a union. Amidst the change of the review sort out beginning at now showed up above and ace ought to chart basic hazard as one of the dangers at the money related illumination shape or at budgetary report level (Albersmeier et.al 2009). The review operator ought to therefore relate the peril assessment to different records changes and unmistakable exchange classes amidst the insistence point (Albersmeier et.al 2009). Trademark dangers may happen thusly of operation dangers and transportation chance in that the cost of upkeep and transportation might be misquoted by the supervisor, heads, drivers even the mechanics. The affiliation pros responsible for the upkeep may hint an inspiration than the honest to goodness cost working out obviously into fundamental threats. Accounts inclined to be impacted by 2015 audits At the level of exchange class affirmation and what's consistently the record level, the dangers might be found in the payable records including: Purchases accounts The purchases record is likely going to be affected in the midst of the 2015 audit since an extensive segment of the association operations incorporate gaining offer of things (Hayes, Wallage and Gortemaker 2014). Now and again that might be coercion essentially teaches of deceptions which are most likely going to be perceived in the midst of the survey. Pay and wage account From the given logical examination, the association works with a couple of workers including contracted mechanics. In such circumstances where operational gathering is too much wide there is likelihood of deceptions inside the compensation and wage accounts. Since the business dangers saw taking all things into account identify with the payable records, the pro ought to thusly be genuine that the payable records at the money related verbalization levels are in all likelihood going to be frail to twofold dealings and deform (Hayes, Wallage and Gortemaker 2014). This is clear in that most by a wide edge of the payable records require likenesses with a more raised measure of estimations as a limitless piece of the operations identifying with support are continuers. References Albersmeier, F., Schulze, H., Jahn, G. and Spiller, A., 2009. The reliability of third-party certification in the food chain: From checklists to risk-oriented auditing. Food Control, 20(10), pp.927-935. Andon, P., Free, C. and O'Dwyer, B., 2015. Annexing new audit spaces: challenges and adaptations. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 28(8), pp.1400-1430. Baum, C.F., Caglayan, M. and Rashid, A., 2016. Capital structure adjustments: Do macroeconomic and business risks matter?. Empirical Economics, pp.1-40. Christopher, J., Sarens, G. and Leung, P., 2009. A critical analysis of the independence of the internal audit function: evidence from Australia. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 22(2), pp.200-220. Church, B.K., Jenkins, J.G., McCracken, S.A., Roush, P.B. and Stanley, J.D., 2014. Auditor independence in fact: Research, regulatory, and practice implications drawn from experimental and archival research. Accounting Horizons, 29(1), pp.217-238. Craswell, A., Stokes, D.J. and Laughton, J., 2012. Auditor independence and fee dependence. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2), pp.253-275. Craswell, A., Stokes, D.J. and Laughton, J., 2012. Auditor independence and fee dependence. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2), pp.253-275. DeZoort, F.T. and Taylor, M.H., 2015. COMMENTARYA Public Interest View of Auditor Independence: Moving Toward Auditor Reliability When Considering and Promoting Audit Quality. Accounting and the Public Interest, 15(1), pp.53-63. Dogui, K., Boiral, O. and Heras?Saizarbitoria, I., 2014. Audit fees and auditor independence: The case of ISO 14001 certification. International Journal of Auditing, 18(1), pp.14-26. Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Arens, A.A., 2011. Auditing and Assurance services. Pearson Higher Ed. Hayes, R., Wallage, P. and Gortemaker, H., 2014. Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Kachelmeier, S.J. and Van Landuyt, B.W., 2015. Prompting the Benefit of the Doubt: The Joint Effects of Auditor Independence and Measurement Uncertainty on Audit Adjustments. Working paper, University of Texas at Austin. Kayrak, M., 2008. Evolving challenges for supreme audit institutions in struggling with corruption. Journal of financial crime, 15(1), pp.60-70. Kayrak, M., 2008. Evolving challenges for supreme audit institutions in struggling with corruption. Journal of financial crime, 15(1), pp.60-70. Krishnamoorthy, G., Wright, A. and Cohen, J., 2012. Audit committee effectiveness and financial reporting quality: Implications for auditor independence. Australian Accounting Review, 12(28), pp.3-13. Sadgrove, K., 2016. The Risk Mitigation Handbook: Practical steps for reducing your business risks. Routledge. Wright, W.F., 2016. Client business models, process business risks and the risk of material misstatement of revenue. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 48, pp.43-55.